What does frequency measure in music?

Frequency in music specifically measures the number of vibrations that occur per second in a sound wave, which is quantified in hertz (Hz). This concept is fundamental because it determines the pitch of a sound. When a sound source vibrates more rapidly, it produces a higher frequency, resulting in a higher pitch. Conversely, a slower rate of vibration yields a lower frequency and a deeper pitch. Understanding frequency allows musicians and producers to manipulate sound in a way that enhances musical composition, harmonization, and overall auditory experience.